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General Gardening

Take Your Job Skills into the Garden

July 24, 2022

I am a teacher. I love teaching! I’m also a gardener. I love gardening! A few years ago, I retired from full-time teaching of art. Today, I find myself continuing to apply many of the skills I learned on the job to my garden. Guiding a student or nurturing a plant—how are the jobs similar?

Be prepared. Just as my classroom instruction must be organized and prepared, so must my garden. Before planting anything, I consider both the plant and the environment. Will there be enough space? Enough sunlight? Do I need to enrich the soil and provide a water source?

Get attention. To learn, students must be quiet, focused, ready to listen, and follow instructions. Seeds and plants must also be ready to take advantage of their environment. Some seeds benefit from overnight soaking or scarification. To thrive, seeds should be planted at appropriate depths and distances from each other. Seedlings may need hardening-off before planting. And newly selected garden plants should be healthy and pest-free.

Consider the long-term objective. Just as there’s an overall goal for a unit being taught, there’s also the big-picture goal of a healthy and productive garden. This involves replants as necessary, ongoing weeding, and multiple actions for pest management.

Set intermediate goals. There’s always a goal for the day. In the classroom, it’s that doable amount of work when we take small steps forward toward larger accomplishments. In the garden, in much the same way, we’re either planning, planting, weeding, watering, thinning, replanting, fertilizing, managing pests, or harvesting—but not all on the same day. It’s one challenging and rewarding step at a time.

Allow time for work. In art class, we call this studio time—the hands-on time of physically working on a project. For both artists and gardeners, this creative, physical involvement with the elements is like play. We become so involved that we lose track of time and don’t want to stop. In class, students receive words of encouragement from each other and from the teacher. In the garden, the gardener is rewarded with flowers, produce, color, butterflies, and fresh air.

Bean tunnel in the Ramsey garden

Choose a stopping point. It’s necessary. We frequently cannot finish an assigned task, but that task will be waiting for us to tackle again tomorrow.

Conclude. This is important. Following our final cleanup, we refocus on our goals for the day and acknowledge our successes. We think about how far we’ve come and what we plan to do next. We take an important moment to look at the garden—those growing, budding, flowering, producing plants. There’s a feeling of challenge mixed with satisfying accomplishment. It’s when we pat ourselves on the back and smile.

Evaluate. Will we try a different method next time because what we did today didn’t work as well as we had hoped? Is there more research to do? Do we simply need more time and practice? Are we enjoying the process? Evaluation is that final moment to pause, look, and enjoy.

I have learned as a teacher and as a gardener that it’s wise to be prepared for surprises and detours along the way, that optimism is essential, and that it helps to have a sense of humor. I have found, academically and horticulturally, that there’s always more to learn. Both on the job and in the garden, we expect the best, enjoy the growth, and anticipate bounty. Perhaps most importantly in both arenas, we love the process and see the world as a better place for our efforts.

Article written by Mary Alice Ramsey, Extension Master GardenerSM Volunteer. 

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Categories General Gardening Tags soil-full musings

Kids Post: Are You Happy to See Worms in Your Garden?

July 15, 2022

Earthworms in your garden can do some amazing things, but not all worms are good guys, and even the good guys may cause trouble! Learning what earthworms look like and where they
belong can help your garden grow.

What good are worms?
Earthworms are great decomposers—they tunnel through garden soil, eating and breaking down a lot of dead leaves, tiny plant roots, and the fungi and microbes that grow on them. Their
tunnels let air, water, and many important nutrients move through the soil to help keep plants healthy and create the moist places that keep worms happy.

Good guys and bad guys
Earthworms in your garden are usually good, but there are a lot of different kinds of worms! Most worms came to Western North Carolina from other parts of the world. We call these worms
non-native or exotic and some can cause damage.

  • Photo courtesy of Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources.
    An invasive Asian jumping worm is seen at the bottom next to a common nightcrawler.

    Earthworms: There are both native and non-native earthworms, but even our common
    nightcrawlers (Lumbricus terrestris) came here from Europe!

    • Earthworms that help your garden are not as welcome near streams—where the nutrients they bring can cause pollution—or in forests—where they might break down too much of the leaf litter that forest plants and animals need!
    • Non-native jumping worms (Amynthas agrestis) do serious damage because they live closer to the soil surface and eat a lot of leaf litter and mulch. They don’t help get nutrients into the soil like other earthworms and can take over because they grow and multiply faster. Called jumping worms because they may jump or move very fast, they also look different from other earthworms.
  • Hammerhead worms (Bipalium spp.) and terrestrial flatworms are other non-native worms that may do damage. Because they especially like eating earthworms (as well as snails, slugs, and other small insects), they can decrease the number of “good” earthworms that are better for your garden. These critters look very different from earthworms!
    Close up of the head and neck region of a flathead worm, Bipalium Kewense. Note the broken collar around the neck.
    Terrestrial flatworm, Microplana terrestris from North Carolina.

What can you do?
How do you keep the good earthworms happy and keep the non-native worms of all types out of your garden?

  • Photo by Marie Johnston, University of Wisconsin-Madison Arboretum.
    Cocoons of jumping worms.

    The most important thing to do is check the soil of all plants you buy—or get from friends—to make sure there aren’t any unwanted worms or cocoons in the soil. Cocoons are extremely small and may be difficult to see.

  • Use gloves or tweezers to handle any worms until you can identify them.
    • Flatworms or hammerhead worms can be toxic in certain circumstances, so wash your hands if you accidentally touch one! Put them in a jar with rubbing alcohol or in a bag to freeze them before you put them in the trash.
    • You can also dispose of jumping worms after leaving them in soapy water or in a sealed bag in the sun.
    • Be sure not to cut-up any non-native worms to get rid of them because some cut-up parts can grow a whole new worm!

Article written by Carol Anne Reynolds, Extension Master GardenerSM Intern.

For more information:

Earthworms:
Earthworm FAQs for Teachers
National Geographic Kids – Earthworm: https://kids.nationalgeographic.com/animals/invertebrates/facts/earthworm
NCSU – Earthworms in Turf: https://www.turffiles.ncsu.edu/insects/earthworm-in-turf/
NCSU – Jumping Worm Fact Sheet: https://content.ces.ncsu.edu/jumping-worms
UNH – Extension – Plant Sales and Jumping Worms:
https://extension.unh.edu/resource/plant-sales-and-jumping-worms

Terrestrial Flatworms, Land Planarians, and Hammerhead Worms:
NCSU Extension: https://content.ces.ncsu.edu/terrestrial-flatwormshammerhead-worms

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Categories Gardening for Children, General Gardening Tags earthworms, hammerhead worms, invasive worms, jumping worms

Today a Garden, Tomorrow a Friend

July 3, 2022

Robert Frost wrote that “good fences make good neighbors.” But I believe that gardens make the best neighbors. I live in a condominium community that’s located on 72 acres of land where wildlife is abundant and three streams converge before flowing into the French Broad River. When it was built in the 1970s, it was in the country.

It is now an oasis in busy, over-developed, south Asheville. People choose to live here because of the natural beauty. Contributing to that are 18 community gardens, each plot as different as the gardeners who cultivate them. We come from different backgrounds. Most of us are transplants; a few are Asheville natives. What we share is the need to put our hands in the dirt, nourish the soil, tend a seed, and share the fruits of our labors. This has produced strong friendships.

Neighbors sharing garden time

Some of us are experienced gardeners; others are novices. But gardening is a great equalizer, and among us there is no judgment. We share gardening advice, plants and produce, although no one can find homes for those baseball bat-sized zucchini. We delight in new horticultural adventures, like growing celery and artichokes. As the summer wears on and the blight withers tomato foliage and Mexican bean beetles turn lush leaves into lace, we commiserate over the challenges of growing old favorites. We visit while doing our morning and evening watering, knowing that our efforts won’t compensate for June’s brutally hot, dry, windy days, but may keep our gardens going until the rains come again.

These little gardens are also a source of pride for the larger community. Often, I see non-gardeners strolling through them with a spouse, children, or grandchildren in tow to see what’s in bloom and to watch butterflies feed on the abundant pollinator-friendly plants. (We are certified as an official Monarch butterfly waystation.) This is where our community gathers in the spring and summer for our annual garden parties, complete with festive hats and libations. There is an air of frivolity and joy over being able to celebrate once again. Whether we realize it or not, these parties are knitting our community together in ways few occasions can.

In May, just weeks after our spring garden party where he served up mimosas, we lost a beloved gardener to MRSA, the antibiotic-resistant strain of Staphylococcus aureus. Within days he succumbed to the deadly bacteria. We are still grieving. He was one of the kindest, most generous people I’ve ever known. His legendary dahlias, which he was quick to share, are blooming now. Like everything else he planted, they are being tended by his fellow gardeners. It’s helping us process our grief and honor his memory. For our community, those splashy dahlias will be a constant reminder of him and the way he lived, with abundant joy and grace.

George and Alma Fuller with their dahlias about 1972.
George and Alma Fuller with dahlias about 1972

That’s the thing about gardens. They cultivate memories. A recent LinkedIn message reminded me of this. “I’m wondering if you are the Janet Moore who wrote a piece about the Fullers and their flowers?” a man inquired. He went on to explain that he was doing genealogical research on his father’s Canadian family and my contribution to Soil-full Musings had popped up.

The piece was about my love of dahlias and gladioli, but it was also a tribute to Alma and George Fuller, my grandparents’ hard scrabble tenant farmers who eked out a living off the thin, rocky soil of the Laurentian Shield in Canada. Alma grew spectacular dinner plate dahlias. George grew magnificent gladioli and vegetables that he trucked into Ottawa’s Baywater Market. It was their flowers and their ever-increasing population of barn cats that impressed me as a child, and I wasn’t alone. I have a vague recollection of this kind, resilient couple. She was plump and chatty; he was thin and taciturn. We’ll see how accurate I am when my new Colorado friend sends me pictures of them taken with their flowers in 1972, shortly after they got electricity.

Blogs, social media, and internet connections allowed two strangers, one who lives in Colorado and the other in North Carolina, to connect over shared memories of flowers and barn cats. A community garden serves as a centerpiece which gathers neighbors together and builds friendships.  For some people, good fences may make good neighbors. But I prefer gardens.

Article written by Janet Moore, Extension Master GardenerSM Volunteer.

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